Which of the following agents is indicated for treating Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections?

The correct answer, erythromycin, is indicated for treating Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections due to its effective action against atypical pathogens. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is unique because it lacks a cell wall, making it resistant to antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis, such as penicillin and vancomycin. Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria, effectively targeting Mycoplasma pneumoniae and providing a suitable treatment option.

Tetracycline is another antibiotic that can be used for Mycoplasma infections; however, erythromycin is often preferred, particularly in children or for patients who may have contraindications for tetracycline. Amphotericin B is an antifungal agent and is not effective against bacterial infections like those caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.