Which medication is commonly used to reverse bronchoconstriction caused by asthma triggers?

Albuterol is a commonly used medication for reversing bronchoconstriction caused by asthma triggers due to its classification as a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA). It works by stimulating beta-2 adrenoceptors in the smooth muscle of the airways, leading to relaxation and dilation of the bronchial passages, which alleviates the acute symptoms of asthma such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.

When asthma triggers occur, the airways constrict due to bronchial inflammation and hyperreactivity. Albuterol acts quickly, typically within minutes, and provides rapid relief during an asthma attack. It is primarily utilized as a rescue inhaler for immediate symptomatic relief.

Other medications mentioned serve different purposes. For example, formoterol is a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) that is used for long-term control rather than immediate relief. Ipratropium is an anticholinergic agent that is often used as an adjunct treatment but is not the first-line choice for acute asthma episodes. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for the long-term management of asthma and prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, but it does not provide the immediate relief necessary in an