Which aminoglycoside can be delivered topically by aerosol?

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside that can be delivered topically by aerosol, particularly in respiratory therapy settings. The use of gentamicin aerosol is typically indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible bacteria, particularly in those with respiratory conditions such as cystic fibrosis or ventilator-associated pneumonia. Aerosolized gentamicin allows for direct delivery to the lungs, where it acts locally to combat bacterial infections while potentially leading to fewer systemic side effects compared to other administration routes.

In the context of aerosol delivery, gentamicin’s formulation as an inhaled medication facilitates higher concentrations of the drug in the pulmonary tissues, which can be more effective for treating lung infections. The inhalation route can also reduce the need for high systemic doses, minimizing potential nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity that are common side effects associated with systemic aminoglycoside use.

Other options listed, such as amikacin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin, are not typically used in the aerosolized form. While amikacin may have some aerosol forms, it is less common and not as frequently used in this way as gentamicin. Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin antibiotic and is typically administered intravenously or