What unique side effect is associated with artificial surfactants?

Artificial surfactants are administered to reduce surface tension in the alveoli, improving lung function in conditions such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates. One significant side effect to be aware of is airway obstruction. This can occur because the surfactant can occasionally lead to an increase in mucus production or could create a viscous environment that may block the smaller airways, especially if the product is not properly distributed in the lungs or if excessive volumes are administered.

In the context of respiratory therapy, understanding this side effect is crucial because it highlights the importance of careful administration and monitoring during and after surfactant therapy. Proper techniques and indications for usage aim to minimize risks, including the potential for airway obstruction, ensuring that the therapeutic benefits outweigh this risk.