What side effect can be experienced with inhaled steroids?

Inhaled steroids, which are commonly used to manage asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), can lead to the development of oral thrush, also known as oropharyngeal candidiasis. This side effect arises due to the immunosuppressive effects of corticosteroids on local tissues in the mouth and throat, making it easier for yeast infections, such as Candida, to develop.

When steroids are inhaled, they can deposit in the oral cavity, leading to a change in the natural flora and inhibiting the local immune response. This creates an environment conducive to the growth of yeast organisms. Patients using inhaled steroids are often advised to rinse their mouths after use to help prevent oral thrush, highlighting the importance of maintaining oral hygiene in patients on these medications.

While weight gain, vision changes, and muscle weakness can be associated with systemic corticosteroid use, they are less likely to be prominent side effects of inhaled forms. Inhaled steroids generally have fewer systemic effects due to their targeted delivery to the lungs.